15Jul
In the world of academic and scientific research, especially at the doctoral level, understanding the Research Types in PhD is just as crucial as selecting the right topic. Knowing what kind of research you’re conducting lays the foundation for your methodology, literature review, and eventual publication strategy. Whether you’re drafting a thesis, developing a research proposal, or simply trying to grasp the basics of research methodology, getting a clear idea of the different Research Types in PhD—namely Basic, Applied, Exploratory, and Descriptive—is essential for clarity and direction.
Each research type serves a unique purpose and helps answer different kinds of questions. Some focus on theory, others on real-world problems, while some help discover new patterns or describe existing conditions in detail. In this blog, we’ll break down the various research types in PhD in simple terms, with practical examples and suggestions, to help you figure out which approach best aligns with your study objectives and academic goals.
Basic research is done to increase understanding of fundamental principles. It is driven by curiosity and a desire to expand knowledge rather than solve an immediate real-world problem.
To build theory and contribute to academic knowledge. It often lays the foundation for future applied research.
Example:
Applied research is conducted to solve a specific, practical problem using scientific methods. It is directly linked to real-world challenges and often results in usable outcomes.
To find solutions that can be applied immediately or used by industries, policymakers, or professionals.
Example:
Exploratory research is used when the researcher has little or no information about a topic or problem. It is meant to gain familiarity, identify patterns, and set a base for more structured studies.
To explore a research problem without offering final conclusions. It’s often the first step before descriptive or conclusive research.
Example:
Descriptive research is used to accurately describe a situation, event, or population. Unlike exploratory research, it is more structured and aims to answer the “what” question with statistical data.
To paint a clear picture of a topic by collecting and analysing data. It does not explain the cause behind a phenomenon but describes it in detail.
Example:
Ask yourself:
Understanding the types of research—Basic, Applied, Exploratory, and Descriptive—is crucial for building the right foundation for your academic or scientific project. Each type has its own purpose, process, and role in the broader research ecosystem. Identifying the right research types in PhD work helps ensure your study is well-aligned with your objectives.
By identifying which type suits your goal, you can:
• Design better research questions
• Choose the right methodology
• Align with your target journal or institution
Whether you’re just starting your research journey or revisiting your research plan, make sure you’ve got your research type sorted—it’s the first big step toward success.
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